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超光速 7

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Experimental study on GFRP pipes under axial compression

QIAN Peng, FENG Peng, YE Lieping

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 73-78 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0013-y

摘要： Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is suitable for structures in corrosive environment and long-span light-weight structures due to its high-strength, light-weight, and anti-corrosive qualities. The behavior of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) pipes, which are the members of long-span lattice structures, under axial compression was investigated by tests. Short GFRP pipes were first tested to determine the basic mechanical properties. Then the stability of long GFRP pipes was studied by axially compressive tests in four groups with different slenderness ratios, twelve specimens totally. Based on the results of the tests and literature, the formula of the buckling load of composite pipes under axially compressive load was presented based on Perry formula. It can well predict the buckling failure load GFRP pipe under axial compression.

关键词： anti-corrosive compression different slenderness corrosive environment long-span light-weight

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Instantaneous deflection of light-weight concrete slabs

Behnam VAKHSHOURI, Shami NEJADI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 412-423 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0416-8

摘要： Construction loading before the age of 28 d can have the most significant effects on the slabs, especially for multi-story structures. The changing properties of the young concrete complicate the prediction of serviceability design requirements also. An experimental investigation is performed on four simply supported Light-Weight Concrete (LWC) one-way slabs subjected to immediate loading at 14 d. Effects of aggregate type, loading levels and cracking moment together with the influences of ultimate moment capacity and service moment on the instantaneous deflection of slabs are studied. Comparison of the obtained results with predictions of existing models in the literature shows considerable differences between the recorded and estimated instantaneous deflection of LWC slabs. Based on sensitivity analysis of the effective parameters, a new equation is proposed and verified to predict the instantaneous deflection of LWC slabs subjected to loading at the age of 14 d.

关键词： instantaneous deflection light-weight concrete expanded polystyrene effective moment of inertia cracking moment moment capacity service moment

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State-of-the-art of long-span bridge engineering in China

XIANG Haifan, GE Yaojun

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 379-388 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0051-x

摘要： This paper introduces the state-of-the-art of longspan bridge engineering in China with emphases on recent long-span bridge projects, bridge deck configuration and material, design codes of long-span bridges and improvement of aero

关键词： bridge engineering state-of-the-art long-span bridge configuration improvement

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Control mode selection for modal control of long-span arch bridge

Zhengying LI, Zhengliang LI,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 401-406 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0052-z

摘要： For seismic control of arch bridge, a model reduction of long-span arch bridge was implemented based on modal analysis. As for the critical mode selection, an approach based on the maximum modal displacement was presented. This approach takes into consideration the effect of external seismic excitation and is more reasonable than only considering dynamic bridge characteristics based on a modal contribution ratio. The time domain and frequency domain analysis method were used to verify the simplified model of the Nimu arch bridge in Tibet as an example. The numerical results show that the method of maximal modal displacement better analyze long-span arch bridge when multisupport seismic excitation must be considered. The reduced-order system also is more in line with the performance of the original model.

关键词： selection reduced-order excitation long-span simplified

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Application and development of modern long-span space structures in China

Shilin DONG, Yang ZHAO, Dong XING

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 224-239 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0166-6

摘要： Modern long-span space structures, developed during the 1970s and 1980s, are light and effective structures based on new technologies and light-weight high-strength materials, such as membranes and steel cables. These structures include air-supported membrane structures, cable-membrane structures, cable truss structures, beam string structures, suspen-domes, cable domes, composite structures of cable dome and single-layer lattice shell, Tensairity structures and so forth. For the premodern space structures widely used since the mid-twentieth century (such as thin shells, space trusses, lattice shells and ordinary cable structures), new space structures have been developed by the combination of different structural forms and materials. The application of prestressing technology and the innovation of structural concepts and configurations are also associated with modern space structures, including composite space trusses, open-web grid structures, polyhedron space frame structures, partial double-layer lattice shells, cable-stayed grid structures, tree-type structures, prestressed segmental steel structures and so forth. This paper provides a review of the structural characteristics and practical applications in China of modern rigid space structures, modern flexible space structures and modern rigid-flexible combined space structures.

关键词： modern long-span space structures rigid space structures flexible space structures rigid-flexible combined space structures application and development

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Innovative steel-UHPC composite bridge girders for long-span bridges

Xudong SHAO, Lu DENG, Junhui CAO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 981-989 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0531-9

摘要： Steel and steel-concrete composite girders are two types of girders commonly used for long-span bridges. However, practice has shown that the two types of girders have some drawbacks. For steel girders, the orthotropic steel deck (OSD) is vulnerable to fatigue cracking and the asphalt overlay is susceptible to damage such as rutting and pot holes. While for steel-concrete composite girders, the concrete deck is generally thick and heavy, and the deck is prone to cracking because of its low tensile strength and high creep. Thus, to improve the serviceability and durability of girders for long-span bridges, three new types of steel-UHPC lightweight composite bridge girders are proposed, where UHPC denotes ultra-high performance concrete. The first two types consist of an OSD and a thin UHPC layer while the third type consists of a steel beam and a UHPC waffle deck. Due to excellent mechanical behaviors and impressive durability of UHPC, the steel-UHPC composite girders have the advantages of light weight, high strength, low creep coefficient, low risk of cracking, and excellent durability, making them competitive alternatives for long-span bridges. To date, the proposed steel-UHPC composite girders have been applied to 14 real bridges in China. It is expected that the application of the new steel-UHPC composite girders on long-span bridges will have a promising future.

关键词： steel-UHPC composite bridge girder long-span bridge orthotropic steel deck fatigue cracking durability

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海洋桥梁工程轻质、高强、耐久性结构材料现状及发展趋势研究

吴智深 ,刘加平 ,邹德辉 ,汪昕 ,史健喆

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 31-40 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.014

摘要：

本文针对海洋环境下大跨桥梁突出的长期服役性能问题和轻量化需求，通过对轻质、高强、耐久的材料深入调研，总结了高性能钢、高性能混凝土及纤维增强复合材料的研究现状及发展趋势，介绍了上述材料在桥梁关键区域的针对性应用技术，并提出海洋桥梁工程轻质、高强、耐久材料发展的战略建议，以满足海洋桥梁工程高性能、长寿命、轻量化的需求，突破海洋环境下大跨桥梁的耐久和跨度瓶颈。

关键词：海洋环境大跨桥梁高性能钢高性能混凝土纤维增强复合材料

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Control of wind-induced vibration of long-span bridges and tall buildings

GU Ming

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 51-62 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0005-3

摘要： With the rapid increase in scales of structures, research on controlling wind-induced vibration of large-scale structures, such as long-span bridges and super-tall buildings, has been an issue of great concern. For wind-induced vibration of large-scale structures, vibration frequencies and damping modes vary with wind speed. Passive, semiactive, and active control strategies are developed to improve the wind-resistance performance of the structures in this paper. The multiple tuned mass damper (MTMD) system is applied to control vertical bending buffeting response. A new semiactive lever-type tuned mass damper (TMD) with an adjustable frequency is proposed to control vertical bending buffeting and torsional buffeting and flutter in the whole velocity range of bridge decks. A control strategy named sinusoidal reference strategy is developed for adaptive control of wind-induced vibration of super-tall buildings. Multiple degrees of freedom general building aeroelastic model with a square cross-section is tested in a wind tunnel. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategies can reduce vibration effectively, and can adapt to wind-induced vibration control of large-scale structures in the uncertain dynamic circumstance.

关键词： torsional buffeting large-scale semiactive adjustable frequency building aeroelastic

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Flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting for long-span bridges

YANG Yongxin, GE Yaojun, XIANG Haifan

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 298-304 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0039-6

摘要： The flutter control effect and mechanism of central-slotting, which have gradually been adopted in the design and construction of long-span bridges as an effective flutter controlling measure, were investigated with theoretical analysis and wind tunnel test. Five basic girder cross-sections representing five typical aerodynamic configurations were selected and central-slotted with two different slot widths. Then, a series of sectional model tests and theoretical analyses based on the two-dimensional three-degrees-of-freedom coupling flutter analysis method (2 dimension-3 degrees of freedom method, 2d-3DOF method) were carried out to investigate the aerodynamic performance, flutter mechanism and flutter modality of the five basic sections and their corresponding central-slotted sections. The results show that central-slotting can not always improve the aerodynamic stability of bridge structure. The control effect of central-slotting depends on the aerodynamic configuration of the original girder section and the corresponding central-slotting width. If the original section is inappropriate or the slot width is unsuitable, central-slotting will even deteriorate the structural flutter performance. Theoretical investigations indicated that the differences in flutter control effects come from the different formation and evolution of aerodynamic damping, and flutter modality especially the participation level of heaving motion also has a significant influence on the control effect of central-slotting.

关键词： aerodynamic configuration aerodynamic performance flutter mechanism aerodynamic stability theoretical analysis

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Typical diseases of a long-span concrete-filled steel tubular arch bridge and their effects on vehicle-induced

Jianling HOU, Weibing XU, Yanjiang CHEN, Kaida ZHANG, Hang SUN, Yan LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 867-887 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0649-9

摘要： A long-span concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridge suffers severe vehicle-induced dynamic responses during its service life. However, few quantitative studies have been reported on the typical diseases suffered by such bridges and their effects on vehicle-induced dynamic response. Thus, a series of field tests and theoretical analyses were conducted to study the effects of typical diseases on the vehicle-induced dynamic response of a typical CFST arch bridge. The results show that a support void results in a height difference between both sides of the expansion joint, thus increasing the effect of vehicle impact on the main girder and suspenders. The impact factor of the displacement response of the main girder exceeds the design value. The variation of the suspender force is significant, and the diseases are found to have a greater effect on a shorter suspender. The theoretical analysis results also show that the support void causes an obvious longitudinal displacement of the main girder that is almost as large as the vertical displacement. The support void can also cause significant changes in the vehicle-induced acceleration response, particularly when the supports and steel box girder continue to collide with each other under the vehicle load.

关键词： long-span arch bridge expansion joint disease vehicle-bridge coupling vibration dynamic response

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基于气动模型的大跨度桥梁抖振与颤振的比较评估

Igor Kavrakov, Guido Morgenthal

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 823-838 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.11.008

摘要：

风致振动通常代表了大跨度桥梁设计的主要标准。桥梁空气动力学中的气动力主要基于准定常和线性非定常理论。本文旨在通过比较多跨斜拉桥在临界架设条件下的动力响应，进而推演出不同时域自激力与抖振力的表达式。这类混凝土箱梁桥是用于大型河流交叉口的典型参考对象。本文从模型复杂性的角度进行分析，对比了气动模型中隐含的气动参数，如气动阻尼和气动刚度、抖振力和自激力中的流体记忆、气动非线性和气动耦合等对桥梁响应的影响。选定的模型用于研究一定风速范围内的结果，该风速范围对于考虑两种湍流度情况的施工过程是典型范围。此外，还提出了一种计算包括气动导纳在内的抖振力的简化方法，避免了有理逼近。在层流流动下，也将对根据所选模型计算得到的临界颤振风速进行对比。

关键词：抖振颤振大跨度桥梁桥梁空气动力学桥梁气动弹性架设阶段

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超大跨度斜拉桥空气静力和动力稳定性研究

张新军,孙海凌

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第3期页码 50-58

摘要：

随着斜拉桥跨度的持续增长，结构更趋于轻柔，风作用下的结构稳定性已成为超千米主跨斜拉桥设计和研究的重要问题。采用大跨度桥梁三维非线性空气静力和动力稳定性分析方法，对1400m主跨的超大跨度斜拉桥进行了空气静力和动力稳定性分析，并与同等主跨的悬索桥进行对比，从抗风性能角度探讨了斜拉桥在超千米主跨桥梁中的适用性。在此基础上，分别就主梁的高度和宽度、桥塔结构型式、桥塔高跨比、边主跨比、辅助墩设置、斜拉索锚固方式等结构设计参数对超大跨度斜拉桥空气静力和动力稳定性的影响进行了分析，指出了关键的设计参数及其合理取值。结果表明：与同等主跨的悬索桥相比，斜拉桥的结构刚度更大，空气静力和动力稳定性更好，适宜采用于超千米主跨的大跨度桥梁；超大跨度斜拉桥在增大主梁高度、减小梁宽、采用倒Y形桥塔并增大塔高、减小边跨长度、边跨设置辅助墩以及部分斜拉索地锚等情况下，都可以获得比较好的空气静力和动力稳定性。

关键词：超大跨度斜拉桥空气静力稳定性空气动力稳定性设计参数

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面向高性能计算的自部署运行环境 Research Articles

邵明天,卢凯,张文喆

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第6期页码 845-857 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100016

摘要：

传统高性能计算系统提供了标准的预置环境来支持科学计算。然而，高性能计算的发展需要为越来越多应用提供支持，如人工智能、大数据等。标准的预设环境已无法满足这些多样化的要求。如果用户仍然在高性能计算系统上运行这些新兴应用程序，他们需要手动维护应用程序的特定依赖项（库、环境变量等），这增加了用户的开发和部署负担。此外，多用户模式也带来用户之间的隐私问题。像Docker和Singularity这样的容器可以封装作业的执行环境，但是在高度定制的高性能计算系统中，Docker和Singularity的跨环境应用部署是受限的。容器镜像的引入也给系统管理员增加了维护负担。针对上述问题，本文提出一种适用于高性能计算的自部署执行环境（SDEE）。SDEE结合了传统虚拟化和现代容器的优点，为用户提供了一个独立、可定制的环境（类似于虚拟机）。该用户是此环境中的根用户。用户开发和调试应用程序，并在此环境中部署其特殊的依赖项，然后可以通过传统高性能计算系统的作业管理系统，直接将作业加载到计算节点。作业及其依赖项将被自动分析、打包、部署和执行。该过程实现了透明、快速的作业部署，不仅减轻了用户负担，而且保护了用户隐私。实验表明，SDEE引入的开销可忽略不计，比Docker和Singularity都要低。

关键词：运行环境；高性能计算；轻量化；隔离；Overlay

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车载作用下大跨径缆索支承桥桥型对铺装层受力的影响研究

钱振东,黄卫,杜昕,刘云

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第9期页码 35-41

摘要：

以润扬长江公路大桥为工程背景，通过有限元数值模拟技术，分析建立其北汊斜拉桥和南汊悬索桥的三维整桥模型，进行整桥力学分析，提出整体—局部分析方法，进而分析铺装层的受力特点；悬索桥的桥型对铺装层的受力影响较大，作者计算的铺装层拉应力明显大于以往模型；对于斜拉桥跨中位置，考虑整桥后铺装层的受力略大于局部模型，对于承受斜拉索水平分力挤压的主梁部分，其铺装的受力略小于局部模型。

关键词：大跨径缆索桥桥面铺装有限元方法车辆荷载拉应力

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Materials-oriented integrated design and construction of structures in civil engineering—A review

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 24-44 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0794-9

摘要： Design is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products, processes, and systems with desired functions through specifications. It is a decision-making exploration: the design outcome may vary greatly depending on the designer’s knowledge and philosophy. Integrated design is one type of design philosophy that takes an interdisciplinary and holistic approach. In civil engineering, structural design is such an activity for creating buildings and infrastructures. Recently, structural design in many countries has emphasized a performance-based philosophy that simultaneously considers a structure’s safety, durability, serviceability, and sustainability. Consequently, integrated design in civil engineering has become more popular, useful, and important. Material-oriented integrated design and construction of structures (MIDCS) combine materials engineering and structural engineering in the design stage: it fully utilizes the strengths of materials by selecting the most suitable structural forms and construction methodologies. This paper will explore real-world examples of MIDCS, including the realization of MIDCS in timber seismic-resistant structures, masonry arch structures, long-span steel bridges, prefabricated/on-site extruded light-weight steel structures, fiber-reinforced cementitious composites structures, and fiber-reinforced polymer bridge decks. Additionally, advanced material design methods such as bioinspired design and structure construction technology of additive manufacturing are briefly reviewed and discussed to demonstrate how MIDCS can combine materials and structures. A unified strength-durability design theory is also introduced, which is a human-centric, interdisciplinary, and holistic approach to the description and development of any civil infrastructure and includes all processes directly involved in the life cycle of the infrastructure. Finally, this paper lays out future research directions for further development in the field.

关键词： integrated design and construction fiber-reinforced concrete fiber-reinforced polymer light-weight steel structures digital fabrication composites